Wind Power - homemade wind turbine

Money saving wind, wind energy is free
Construction - general view

Wind turbine is a wind-wheel constructively with the blades, the gearbox (the mechanism that converts and transmits torque) mounted on the mast of the wind generator, battery and inverter (a device for converting direct current into alternating current).



Principle of operation

Wind power turns the wind wheel with vanes, torque is transmitted through the gearbox to the generator shaft. Thus, there is the transformation of mechanical into electrical energy.

Operating power is directly proportional to the size of wind turbine rotor, the average wind speed and height of the mast. Typically, the diameter of the wind turbine blades varies from 0.5 to 60 + meters.
 
The use of wind turbines

Wind turbines can be used in many different places. It can be open and accessible in terms of wind area of the field, shallow water, islands and mountains.
 
The economic benefits of wind turbine

The use of cost-effective wind turbine in an area where the average wind speed is less than 4 m / sec. To find out what is the average wind speed in your area, read "Hit wind resources." Wind generator starts with an initial wind speed of 2 m / s, recharges the battery is already possible to consume electricity.


Wind generators and networkMost wind turbines are networked. This means that they work only if the external electrical network (central or local - for example, using a diesel generator). This is due to the instability of the wind flow. Network as a source of electrical power vypolnyaetstabiliziruyuschy effect.The main condition for the use of wind power network: the network capacity must exceed the power vetrodvigatelnoy set at 1.8 times. For high power use several wind stations operating in parallel with the network.Wind turbines can be used as a reserve source of energy, but with good vetropotentsiale economical to use it as a primary source. In this case, connect the mains through the automatic insertion of the reserve as a backup power source.

The principle of operation of wind turbineA flood of wind turbine blades rotate. Formed by the rotational energy, which is then passed through the rotor on the multiplier, rotating electric generator (asynchronous or synchronous). There are design wind turbine, where there is no multiplier for a substantial increase in their productivity.Wind turbines can make yourself or buy ready-made.Wind turbines can operate on one, the so-called unit complex, or in groups, forming a wind farm. One or more wind turbines can operate simultaneously with the diesel generator to save fuel costs.

Assembling the wind turbine with their handsType of generatorHave to choose between horizontal or vertical (rotary) type wind turbine.A simpler option is to install vertical wind turbines. His pickup ratio above the wind, but it is much easier to balance.Power GeneratorThe more powerful the chosen generator, the greater the weight and diameter of the rotor. Accordingly, it increases the complexity of balancing and consolidation.Structural analysisBefore creating the device think if you can reproduce exactly the precise details of the factory, or find them a worthy replacement. If not - do not start.

Storage batteriesDo not use automotive batteries.Cons:

    Fragility;
    Danger of explosion;
    The need for frequent maintenance.It is better to choose a hermetically sealed battery:

    Created specifically for the needs of alternative energy;
    It should be two to three times more expensive;
    The service life will increase to 10 years.Possible errors

    Failure to adapt to work in winter and summer conditions;
    Vulnerability to hurricane winds;
    Failure to comply with any technical detail, leading to the destruction of the entire device.


 


Assembling the wind turbine rotor at 2 kW (at a wind speed of 10 m / s)
Components

     Generator 12 V - $ 15;
     rotor of 1.5 m - $ 40
     Battery 12V (acidic or Helium) - $ 15 car, 40 $ alternative;
     a metal barrel or large bucket (stainless steel or aluminum) - $ 5
     relay to charge the battery - $ 3
     charge lamp relay (eg, car) - $ 3
     semi-hermetic switch (button) at 12V - $ 2;
     voltmeter (for example, by any measuring device or car) - 3 units;
     male high dose (junction box for connection of wires, as well as easy access to all connections) - $ 5;
     mast with a height of 1 to 10 meters - $ 35-70
     wires (4 squares with a cross section) - $ 5;
     four bolts M6 - $ 3
     pair of large clamps or stainless steel wire coil (mounted to mast) - $ 7

Tools needed: keys, drill with drill bits, screwdriver, pliers.

ProgressMastBefore installing the assembly fill the three-point foundation of an appropriate level, taking into account the nuances of climate and soil. Mast with wind turbines are set after the maximum strength of concrete (week). Less reliable option - bury the mast to the ground two feet and use the stretch.RotorThen you need to do to alter the rotor and pulley (friction wheel with the rim or groove around the circumference, which transmits motion to the drive belt or rope) of the generator. The diameter of the rotor, select, based on the average wind speed. At speeds of up to 6-7m / s the efficiency of rotary 5m more than the rotor to 4m.The bladesBarrel is divided into 4 equal portions with a tape and a marker, then cut out with scissors future blade metal grinder or. Next, fasten it to the generator is bolted to the pulley and the bottom. Designated bolts should they sounded very well, so you do not suffer from the adjustment of the rotation. On the barrel turn down the blade, but within reasonable limits, to avoid sudden gusts of wind.ConnectionAttach the wires to the generator and make a chain in a dose. Fasten to the mast of the generator, and the wires to the mast and generator. Then connect the circuit and connects the generator to the battery circuit (wiring length of no more than a meter). Connect the load by means of wires (section 2.5 kV). You can choose to install the inverter in the 12-220 at 700-1000 Tues The speed of rotation of the wind turbine is given by bending the blades.4-5 hours the entire device is assembled. Such wind turbines have enough energy to complete the suburban home or cottage.The increase in energyNote that the increase in mast height of 18-26m increases the average annual wind speed of 15-30%. Power generation increased by 1.3-1.5 times. Admission to this resort at wind speeds below 4 m / sec. High mast eliminates the effect of trees and buildings.

Rotor diameter is selected on the average wind speed. In fact, up to 6-7 m / s output of the rotor 3 m higher than that of the rotor 2 m. The average 6 annual rates of production standard is aligned.Such wind turbines have enough energy to complete the suburban home or cottage.